The operating principle of a plate heat exchanger is based on heat transfer between two media that circulate through separate channels without mixing. These channels are formed by corrugated plates, which can be connected in different ways: by welding, brazing, or using rubber gaskets, depending on the type of device. Due to the temperature difference, heat is transferred from the hot medium to the cold one through the plate surface. The flows can move either in counterflow (opposite directions) or parallel flow (same direction), which affects the heat transfer efficiency.